Production of intermediate rolling profiled steel sheet (1967)

Liquid metal flows out of the open-hearth furnace.

The metal is poured into molds.

Depending on the method of smelting, the mode of pouring metal into the mills, its cooling, there are boiling, semi-calm and calm steel ingots.

Cartoon explaining the crystallization process of a boiling steel ingot.

A cartoon explaining the crystallization process of a semi-calm steel ingot.

Cartoon explaining the crystallization process of a calm steel ingot.

Ingots vary in shape.

After casting the steel, the mills with ingots are sent to the stripper department of the steel mill.

Here the ingots of calm steel only come off the stairs.

And ingots of semi-calm or boiling steel are released from the mills.

Then the ingots enter the heating wells department.

Ingots are heated to a temperature of 1250-1300 degrees before rolling.

The heating wells of modern rolling shops work on the hot landing of ingots.

The ingots are planted and heated in an upright position with some inclination.

This ensures uniform heating and eliminates the need for edging.

All operations are mechanized.

The heating process is automated.

Monitoring of the heating process.

A cartoon explaining the operation of recuperative type heating wells.

Ingots heated to the rolling temperature are removed and placed on an ingot carrier.

In modern crimping workshops, self-propelled bullion trucks are used, which operate according to a ring scheme.

The operator of the crimping shop.

The ingot, arriving at the receiving roller, lights up the installed relay.

Bullion flip.

Slabs are rolled from ingots, going to the production of sheet steel.

This process is carried out on powerful crimping mills, slabs

and the Blumings.

This is a slab, its working crate is the main part of the mill.

A cartoon explaining the work of the slab.

Before the start of rolling, it is necessary to determine the amount of compression for each pass, based on the conditions for capturing the strip by rolls and engine power.

The rolls of the crimping mills have an individual drive from two reversible DC motors of high power.

The slab is a duoreversive universal mill.

The operator adjusts the mode of the main drive of the regime mill from the remote control.

During the rolling process, the cross-section of the ingot is repeatedly reduced.

In the first passages, scale is removed from the surface of the ingot.

A cartoon explaining the processes in the ingot during multiple rolling.

The ingot is rolled out to the specified size and enters the fire stripping machine, which burns the surface layer of metal with oxygen along with defects.

The stripped strip is directed to the scissors.

The cutting of the strip into dimensional lengths - slabs is carried out on press-type scissors.

Then the slabs are marked and sent to the warehouse.

Bluming.

The main purpose of bluming is the rolling of a semi-product

large square cross-section - blooms going to long products.

First, the ingot is rolled on the smooth part of the roll barrel.

Then it is transferred from caliber to caliber.

The square section gradually decreases and, depending on the specified dimensions, reaches 250-220mm.

The process of rolling in bluming.

After leaving the rolls of the mill, the blum roll is also sent to the fire stripping machine.

From the machine, the rolling is fed to the scissors for trimming the head and bottom parts.

The blums are sent to a warehouse or to a blank mill.

In modern rolling shops, continuous blank mills are installed directly behind the bluming for rolling blums into a long billet.

Such mills consist of two groups of working crates.

The first group has 8 stands and is designed for rolling large-section workpieces.

Cages with horizontal and vertical rolls are used.

The second group consists of six horizontal and vertical stands and is intended for subsequent rolling of workpieces to small cross sections.

The rolling speed in each subsequent cage increases.

At the exit from the mill, flying scissors automatically cut a strip of metal into measured lengths of the workpiece.

After cutting, a stamp is placed on each workpiece.

After branding, the blanks are fed to the bagging table.

The blanks are fed to the varietal mills, or fed to the warehouse.