Polarized light and its application (1977)

A cartoon explaining the concept of linearly polarized light.

The formula of the instantaneous value of the electric field strength of the wave.

The formula of the instantaneous value of the magnetic field strength of the wave.

A cartoon explaining the concept of a harmonic light wave.

The concept of right elliptical polarization.

The concept of circular polarization.

A huge number of source atoms take part in the formation of light.

The emitting atom is considered as an oscillating dipole oscillator.

Each of them emits a zug of waves of linearly polarized light during one act of emission.

Many such waves with different initial phases and different polarization give natural light.

A cartoon explaining the concept of natural light and partially polarized.

The formula of the degree of polarization.

Experience in reflecting natural light with a dielectric.

The refractive index of the dielectric.

Malus' law.

A cartoon explaining the radiation of a dipole under the influence of each component of natural light.

Natural light is polarized when passing through a transparent layered dielectric - Stoletov's foot.

Experience with Stoletov's foot.

When natural light passes through an Icelandic spar crystal, it splits into two polarized beams.

Ordinary and extraordinary.

When the crystal rotates, the intensity of the rays does not change.

A cartoon explaining the phenomenon of double refraction.

Experience in verifying the Malus formula using two polaroids.

Experience in checking the polarization of ordinary and extraordinary rays in Icelandic spar.

Experience in the passage of polarized light through a crystal.

Continuation of the experiment on the passage of polarized light through a crystal.

Plates made of birefringent crystals make it possible to obtain elliptically polarized light.

Their main direction coincides with the optical axis of the crystal.

Experience in obtaining elliptically polarized light.

Experience in obtaining interference of polarized rays.

The interference phenomenon can be observed in various anisotropic crystals.

Anisotropy can be created artificially.

The Kerr phenomenon.

Experience in the rotation of the plane of polarization.

Interference with double refraction is used in the study of stresses in various parts and structures.

This is the basis of the method of photoelastic analysis on models made of transparent isotropic material.

Under the influence of mechanical loads, we create artificial anisotropy.

Thus, in polarized light, it is possible to judge the distribution of stresses in models under load.

In the manufacture of quartz glass, polarized light makes it possible to identify defects of a quenching and structural nature.

The rotation of the polarization plane is used to determine the concentration of sugar in the solution.

Natural crystals.

Polarized light began to be used in geology.

The rock plume observed in a polarizing microscope allows detecting the presence of an insignificant amount of minerals.

According to the polarization patterns, a specialist can even tell about the presence of deposits of other minerals accompanying these minerals, oil, gold.

The pattern of crystal formation.

Application of polarizing devices in astronomy.