From the history of the development of rocket and space technology (1946-1965)

Clouds under the wing of an airplane.

Covers of the first works of Soviet scientists on the prospects of space exploration and rocket and space trains.

Faces of visitors to the exhibition of Soviet rocket and space technology.

Life-size models of the first Soviet satellites and space research stations on display at the exhibition.

Visitors examine a stage of one of the first Soviet rockets on display at the exhibition.

People walking to the exhibition of rocket and space technology in one of the pavilions of VDNKh.

Photograph of S.P. Korolev among the military.

View of the construction site of a missile silo.

Faces of the military.

Deputy Commander of the USSR Air Defense Forces, Colonel General A.I. Pokryshkin walks along the airfield surrounded by military pilots.

Portrait of S.P. Korolev.

Monument in honor of the launch of the first Soviet ballistic missile R-1 on October 18, 1947 at the Kapustin Yar test site.

View of the rocket (bottom up).

Transportation of missiles along the test site past the monument with a rocket installed on a pedestal.

Preparing a rocket for launch.

Failed launch of the American Mariner rocket on July 2, 1963, deceleration and explosion of the rocket, falling to the ground in burning pieces.

Interior view of the American command post.

Clock face, those responsible for the launch at the control panel.

Switching toggle switches.

Face of the flight director.

Second hand approaches 12:00. Pressing the launch button.

Fall and explosion of the American Vanguard satellite launch vehicle on December 6, 1957. Fire at the launch site.

Those responsible for the launch negotiate on the phone.

View of a street in New York.

Model of an American satellite with a transparent body, the interior of the satellite.

Launch of an American rocket copied from the V-2 on May 10, 1946 at the West Sands test site in New Mexico.

View of the V-2 launch pad (top).

Fall of the V-2 on the American test site, explosion.

Gagarin Yu. A. in the cabin of the Vostok 1 spacecraft before the flight into space on April 12, 1961. Korolev giving commands by radio.

Giving preparatory commands at the command post, one of the flight directors conducting observation through the periscope, Korolev transmitting commands by radio.

Members of the coordination group at work.

Giving launch commands, duplicating commands to Korolev.

Starting the engines of the first stage of the spacecraft.

Korolev wishes Gagarin a successful flight.

Faces of the launch group members during takeoff.

The launch of the Vostok 1 spacecraft.

The star of one of the spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.

Cosmonaut A. A. Leonov during a spacewalk on March 18, 1965. One of the cosmonauts in outer space.

Cosmonauts working on the orbital station.

Sunrise in space.

Cosmonaut on board the spacecraft.

Preparing for the launch of the V-2 rocket at the West Sides Test Site on May 10, 1946. Launch and takeoff of the rocket.