The film, made by order of the USSR State Committee for Public Education, clearly shows the main methods of preparing and conducting blasting operations in mines and quarries, as well as safety regulations for personnel.
Panorama of an open pit coal mine.
Mine.
Consumable warehouse for storing explosives.
The capacity of underground consumable warehouses must not exceed a three-day supply of explosives and a ten-day supply of initiation means.
Fire protection equipment in the warehouse.
Storage facilities, chambers or cells for storing explosives in the consumable warehouse.
The enterprise must keep records of the consumption of explosives.
A lesson on special training of warehouse workers and personnel for blasting operations.
Visual information on explosives.
A demonstration of a powdered explosive.
Non-safety explosives of class 1 for open work.
A demonstration of non-safety explosives of class 2 and safety explosives of classes 3,4,5,6,7 for underground work.
A demonstration of the above explosives with the characteristics of their use.
A warning about blasting operations.
An explosion.
Explosives used in coal mines must have a strictly defined safety level, and the conditions of their use must correspond to this level.
Failure to comply with this level may result in ignition and explosion of the methane-air mixture.
Demonstration of such a phenomenon in proving ground conditions.
Testing flame-extinguishing materials.
A training manual demonstrating the accessories of a blaster.
Electric detonators are used to initiate explosives in mines hazardous due to gas and dust.
A cartoon showing the types of electric detonators and their operation.
Electrical circuit of a detonator.
Blasting machines.
A cartoon explaining the operating principle of a detonator.
Types of detonator connections.
Preparing explosives for transportation to mines.
Conditions that must be met for lowering explosives into cages.
Periodic inspection of explosives and detonators for safety and suitability at base warehouses.
At consumable warehouses, an external inspection of explosives is carried out and all detonators are checked for resistance.
Samples of markings for packages of explosives.
Issuance of explosives.
Boreholes for placing explosives.
Drilling boreholes in rock.
Mining drills are used to drill boreholes in coal.
Passport of drilling and blasting operations, which specifies the layout of the development, guard posts, blast location and direction of fresh and outgoing air flows.
The blaster receives explosives at the supply warehouse in the amount specified in the work order.
Visual agitation on safety precautions for blasting operations.
Measuring the methane content in the face.
Explosives, Detonators, Mines, Quarries, Boreholes, Methane, Coal dust
Loading boreholes.
Signal to remove all persons from the danger zone.
Having ensured that the face is fully prepared for blasting, the blaster goes into shelter, checks the blasting network, gives a second signal and blasts.
The third signal is the all clear.
This signal notifies only the exit from shelter, but not the entrance to the face, where residual gases may remain.
Ventilation of the face and removal of guards from posts.
Removal of unexploded charges.
Their registration.
Cartoon explaining the elimination of unexploded charges.
Destruction of explosives that have become unusable or do not meet the requirements of technical specifications or GOSTs.
In open-pit mining, the borehole charge method is used.
Drilling rig.
The rig must be installed on a planned site, no closer than 3 meters from the edge of the bench.
Drilling process.
When working on the rig, it is necessary to observe safety rules.
The safety rules are listed and shown using an example.
It is prohibited to leave drilled holes open.
The boreholes are plugged.
The boreholes are drilled in accordance with the drilling and blasting operations passport.
The boreholes are loaded manually with a fill of bags or with the help of charging machines.
Before loading the boreholes, a signal is given.
Machines and people are removed from the quarry area.
Fence signs.
Guard post.
The stope sand and rock fines are prepared.
The detonating cord must extend from the borehole at least 1 meter long.
The borehole is loaded from a dump truck through a chute.
The first cartridge-firearm, a checker, is lowered.
The explosive substance is poured in again and the second checker is installed at the top of the charge.
The remainder of the calculated amount of explosive substance is added and the borehole is tamped.
The blasting network from the detonating cord is mounted after the boreholes have been loaded and tamped and the people have been removed.
The main line, usually consisting of two threads of the detonating cord, is stretched at a distance of 0.3-0.5 meters from the borehole.
The threads of the detonating cord coming from the wells are connected to the main line.
The most reliable method of connection is a double sea knot and a noose.
When using pyrotechnic retarders, special breaks are left in the main line at the points of their connection.
At the initiation point of the detonating cord main lines, they are tied together and two caps or electric detonators are tied.
When initiating an explosive network from a detonating cord by fire, the blaster, after giving a combat signal, lights the control and ignition tubes and goes into shelter.
The detonating cord is burning.
Explosion.
Panorama of the quarry with clouds of smoke from the explosion.
After the explosion and inspection of the explosion site, if there are no failed charges, the all clear signal is given.
A signal is given at the fence post.
Inspection is carried out no earlier than 15 minutes after the explosion.
Rock ready for development.
Panorama of the quarry with moving dump trucks.
Hole, Explosives, Slaughter, Charges, Explosion, Drilling rig, Well, Detonating cord, Pyrotechnic retarders, Capsule, Electric detonator