From the history of Russian technology of the 19th century (1982)

Engraving depicting the central part of St.

Petersburg in the 19th century.

A horse-drawn sleigh on a winter road.

A genre painting of the life of a landowner.

Engravings and drawings depicting the center of St.

Petersburg, production processes at the first Russian factories.

Photographs of factory workers in workshops and railway workshops.

Photographs and engravings depicting various exhibitions in which inventions of Russian engineers took part.

A drawing of a self-propelled carriage created by the self-taught mechanic I.P. Kulibin.

A working model of a self-propelled carriage made according to Kulibin's drawings.

Engravings and drawings of the streets of St.

Petersburg in the 19th century.

A wheel of a bicycle invented by Artamonov is spinning.

An experiment with an electric arc discovered by Petrov in the early 19th century (animation).

Windows of the Winter Palace.

Drawings and engravings illustrating the installation of the Alexander Column on Palace Square in 1834 using special devices created by Russian engineers.

One of the bas-reliefs decorating the column's pedestal.

The Alexander Column on an engraving.

View of Palace Square with the Alexander Column in the middle.

Views of the Lieutenant Schmidt (Nikolaevsky) Bridge in Leningrad, built in the mid-19th century.

View of the Peter and Paul Fortress and the spire of the Peter and Paul Cathedral.

Portrait of engineer Pavel Schilling.

The key telegraph apparatus invented by Schilling.

Operation of Schilling's telegraph apparatus (animation).

Magnetic needles on Schilling's apparatus.

Operation of an improved telegraph apparatus with a recorder, designed by Jacobi.

Windows of the Winter Palace.

Rotation of the needle pointing to the desired letter on the dial of the telegraph apparatus.

The type-printing device of the device.

A hand turns the crank of the telegraph apparatus.

Portrait of Jacobi.

Testing an electric ship designed by Jacobi on the Neva (animation).

Operation of Jacobi's electric motor.

Photograph of the Admiralty Arch.

The electroforming process invented by Jacobi.

Sculptures on the roof of the Winter Palace, made using Jacobi's method.

A popular print depicting the first Russian railway.

Portraits of father and son Cherepanovs, the inventors of the first steam locomotive in Russia.

A painting depicting the Cherepanovs' steam locomotive.

Model of the Cherepanovs' steam locomotive.

Model of a railway passenger train that ran on the first railway from St.

Petersburg to Tsarskoye Selo.

Engraving depicting a railway station and a train on the tracks.

Interiors of passenger cars of a scale model of a passenger train.

Model of a steam locomotive at a semaphore.

Sailing ships and a steamboat on the Neva (engraving).

Barge with a steam engine on the Neva (engraving).

Models of the paddle steam frigates Hercules and Bogatyr, launched in the 1830s.

An engraving depicting the combined Anglo-French steam squadron off the coast of Crimea.

A painting depicting a battle between Russian and Turkish steam ships.

Photographs of the first industrial enterprises that appeared after 1861. Operation of units and mechanisms of factory equipment.

Photographs of industrial enterprises of the second half of the 19th century.

A photograph of a Moscow street with advertising signs.

A photograph of equipment in one of the factory shops.

The operating principle of Petrov's electric arc (animation).

A photograph of engineer N. Benardos conducting experiments in arc welding.

The world's first welding head with automatic arc length regulation, created by engineer Nikolai Slavyanov.

An electric generator for welding, developed by Slavyanov.

A painting depicting a street with electric lighting.

Demonstration of Yablochkov's experiment in creating an electrode lamp, a portrait of Yablochkov.

Portrait of A. Lodygin.

Incandescent light bulb created by Lodygin.

Photograph of American inventor Thomas Edison, who established large-scale production of cheap electric light bulbs in the USA. Samples of Lodygin's light bulbs with a tungsten filament.

Photographs of the building of the electrical goods store "Dynamo" and the store's sales area.

A drawing depicting the flight of the world's first airplane by Mozhaisky with a steam engine, a portrait of Mozhaisky.

A model of Mozhaisky's airplane.

Photographs of the icebreaker "Ermak", built according to the drawings of Admiral S.O. Makarov, during a voyage in the late 19th century, an Arctic landscape.

Demonstration of the operation of A. Popov's device for recording and detecting electrical oscillations, a portrait of Popov.

The world's first radio receiver, created by Popov.

Scheme of the rescue of the battleship "Admiral Apraksin", which ran aground near Gogland Island, using radio communication.

View of a working telegraph apparatus.

Photographs of St.

Petersburg in the late 19th century.

Map of Russia.

Photographs of industrial enterprises, production processes in workshops.

Photograph of the first self-propelled crew.

Photographs of the Kaluga inventor, founder of cosmonautics K.E. Tsiolkovsky.

Drawings by Tsiolkovsky.

Articles by Tsiolkovsky on aeronautics.