Safety precautions during well development and intensification of oil production (1978)

Panorama of the village and wells.

Cartoon explaining the development of wells.

Basic safety rules for well development.

A mobile compressor is installed no closer than 25 meters from the well.

Gate valves, check valves and pressure gauges are installed on the discharge lines and air duct.

After installation, the discharge lines and air duct are pressure tested to one and a half times the expected pressure.

In case of leaks, the pressure in the line is reduced to 0, the threaded connections are tightened and re-pressurized.

Compressed air is supplied to the well and squeezes a column of liquid out of it.

Interruptions in this process are not allowed.

Panoramic view of a clearing with a tower and a pumping unit.

View from the car window of fields with wells.

Hydraulic fracturing.

Cartoon explaining the fracturing process.

The senior engineer supervises the fracturing process.

Preparing the area around the well for convenient placement of units and laying of communications.

The distance between the machines is not less than 1 meter, the cabins of all units are located away from the wellhead.

Installation of check valves on the injection lines, and factory safety devices and pressure gauges on the pumps.

The discharge from the safety device is routed under the unit.

Silencers and spark arrestors are put on the exhaust pipes of all machines.

Indicating and recording pressure gauges, located at a safe distance, are connected to the wellhead fittings.

The command to pressure test the injection pipelines is given by the work manager and only after removing people from the danger zone.

Having made sure that the equipment is working properly, the manager gives the command to pump fluid into the well.

Dismantling the equipment and piping after the end of the hydraulic fracturing process.

The machine drives past the drilling rigs.

Wheat ears around the well.

Hydro-sandblasting perforation.

A cartoon explaining this process.

When performing hydro-sandblasting perforation, safety precautions are the same as for hydraulic fracturing.

Field around the well with windrows of mown grass.

Driver of a vehicle with equipment.

Acidizing the bottomhole zone.

A wheat field against the backdrop of an oil refinery and an oil well.

A cartoon explaining the method of acidizing the bottomhole zone of a well.

The work manager introduces the team to the process technology, the equipment layout, and conducts a safety briefing.

Equipment layout.

Equipment arrives at the well.

Workers in special protective clothing exit the trailer.

Equipment installation.

A thorough check of the readiness of the units for operation.

Having removed the people to a safe place, the foreman gives the command to pressure test the line and pump the solution into the formation.

Actions that are prohibited in the event of an acid leak.

After completing the acidizing of the well, all equipment and communications are thoroughly washed with water.

A stand with safety brochures at the facility.

Means for helping victims in the event of first aid for a chemical burn.

A sign with the name of the person responsible for fire safety.

An oil pump against the backdrop of working agricultural sprinklers.