Safety precautions when draining water (1977)

Panorama of an open coal mine.

A bulldozer constructs interceptor ditches to receive and drain melt and rainwater.

Drainage of reservoirs and swamps.

Diversion of streams and rivers.

Construction of earthen dams and dikes.

Scheme of open pit drainage.

Cracks and dips that occur during drainage of deposits must be reliably fenced off from people and vehicles.

An excavator digs interceptor ditches to protect landslide massifs from surface water.

If there is a threat of a landslide, people and machinery must be immediately removed from the danger zone.

Fencing the zone.

In the spring, before the snow begins to melt, all ditches must be thoroughly cleaned to allow water to pass through.

Ditches and other drainage devices must have a cross-section or slopes that allow water to pass through during floods and heavy rains.

The capacity of the water collector, the main drainage unit in open drainage, must be designed for at least a three-hour normal water inflow.

The substation of drainage devices must be powered by two power lines that provide the maximum load.

Scheme of a drainage shaft of a coal mine.

The deposit can be drained by drainage shafts.

The engine and pump of the drainage shaft can be inspected only when the voltage is removed.

Repair and cleaning of the engine, tightening of bolts and other work are allowed only when the unit is completely disconnected.

Backup pumps.

The backup pump must be turned on automatically to replace the failed one.

Surface and ground waters are drained through pipes or ditches.

When they intersect permeable rocks, the walls and bottom of the ditches must be composed of clay or cement mortars.

Sedimentation pond.

Discharge of water from open pits into rivers and lakes should be carried out only after clarification in special settling ponds and, if necessary, after thorough cleaning from harmful impurities.