Physical methods of nondestructive testing (1982)

The launch pad of the spacecraft.

The launch of the spacecraft.

A spacecraft aimed at the planet Saturn.

Nuclear power plant.

The reactor at the station.

Reactor control panel.

Rolling mill.

Conveyor at an automobile factory.

The means of non-destructive testing include control and measuring equipment, which uses radiation and substances that provide information about the quality of the materials and objects under study.

The devices themselves are given a design that allows them to be conveniently mounted in stationary and mobile devices.

Optical control method.

The device is a light guide, for observing the surface in hard-to-reach places.

A cartoon explaining the operation of the device.

Demonstration of the work of the light guide.

Phosphors that glow with different light under ultraviolet irradiation.

This is the basis of the luminescent or capillary control method.

Cracks in the material pull the luminescent liquid into themselves.

After drying the controlled product and irradiating it with ultraviolet light, the liquid remaining in the cracks begins to glow and helps to detect defects.

Equipment for magnetic control.

Magnetic flaw detection is used to control surface defects in ferromagnetic materials and products.

The part is magnetized and coated with a magnetic powder carrier.

A special survey shows the accumulation of magnetic powder on the crack.

Magnetic powder helps to detect cracks in steels at a depth of 0.01mm to 2.0mm and is suitable for inspection of parts of all shapes and sizes.

Magnetographic magnetoscopes are used to detect defects and check the quality of welds in oil and gas pipelines.

A cartoon explaining the operation of such a flaw detector.

A device that reads and decrypts information from a flaw detector.

The control panel of the rolling mill.

The electromagnetic method is often used to control the quality of ferromagnetic and non-ferrous metals.

A cartoon explaining the operation of such a method.

Alternation of frames with the equipment used in the electromagnetic control method.

In mass production, control is carried out on automated rejection plants.

With the help of eddy currents, it is possible to determine the dimensions of products.

A cartoon explaining the principle of such a definition.

Ferrosonde flaw detector.

A cartoon explaining the operation of such a flaw detector.

Manufacture of railway wheels and axles.

The strength of these products is laid in the blanks.

Vibrodefectoscopy is used to determine possible damage as a result of hidden cracks in the product.

The controlled product is installed on a vibration stand and is subjected to non-destructive vibration.

The sensors register the vibrations of the product and transmit electrical signals to the information processing device.

The extreme bursts on the oscilloscope screen express the reference value, the other three characterize the working condition of the product and do not exceed critical values.

Information about the presence of hidden internal defects, shells, pores, cracks in farms, bridges, buildings can be obtained using the radio wave method.

A cartoon explaining the operation of this method.

The device is a generator of millimeter radio waves emitted by a parabolic antenna.

The operating mode is set by a special device.

In acoustic control, inaudible ultrasonic waves with a frequency of over 20,000 vibrations per second are used.

A cartoon explaining the operation of this method.

A cartoon explaining the operation of the X-ray control method.

The image of the part being tested under X-ray radiation.

An oil well.

Storage tanks for petroleum products.

Assembly of the oil pipeline.

A cartoon explaining the inspection of seams connecting thick-walled pipelines and tanks with gamma radiation control.

A laser control device that can fix defects in metal structures even at long distances.

A cartoon explaining the inspection of the TV tower by laser flaw detection.

Types of Ostankino TV tower.