"Transition - scenic rocks in the foreground in the sacred tape of Dalama in the background" newsreels and historical clips

Periodic table of Mendeleev.

Transition metals are elements located in the middle of the fourth, fifth and sixth periods of the periodic table.

All the atoms of these elements in the unexcited state have valence electrons at the s and d orbitals-sublevels.

Scandium is the first element with an electron ...

... period, electrons in the d state, having no similar ones in the atom, penetrate into the shell.

Due to inter-electronic interactions, the sizes of transition metal atoms decrease.

Electrons in 4 f orbitals compress the electron shell of atoms even more than in 3 d.

Despite the significant differences in ...

... period.

Transition metals under normal conditions have either a volume-centered cubic, or a face-centered cubic, or a hexagonal lattice of dense packing.

Samples of minerals.

The compactness of the crystal lattices of d elements determines the high density of their solids.

Samples of transition metals ...

... metals in nature.

Cartoon about the spread of transition metals in the Earth's crust.

An open mine for the extraction of transition metals in the form of ore.

In the blast furnace process of obtaining transition metals, solid carbon and carbon monoxide serve as reducing agents.

When melting cast iron in a ...

... the plant, metal ingots are stacked on the floor.

Electrolysis of aqueous solutions or melts of salts and oxides is used to isolate and purify some transition metals.

The physical and mechanical properties of metals largely depend on the degree of their purification.

Metals of high purity are obtained by ...

... the heats of the formation of oxides on the ordinal number.

Graph of the dependence of the heats of the formation of oxides on the ordinal number.

Transition metal oxides are compounds of variable composition.

The presence of vacant positions in their structure determines the existence of a wide area of ...

... observed.

Samples of transition metal oxides and paints based on them.

The porthole of the spacecraft is made of transition metal oxides.

Transition metal oxides are used in leather production, photography and pyrotechnics.

Experiments on the preparation and effect on transition metal hydroxides.

Despite ...

... Despite the dense packing, there are voids in the lattices between the transition metal atoms, which can embed atoms of light elements.

Tables of melting points of metals and their carbides.

A graph of the dependence of the melting temperature of metals and their carbides on the ordinal number.

A machine ...

... which metal atoms are interconnected.

Silver halides are used for the development of film.

An important feature of populated and vacant d orbitals of transition metal ion atoms is their ability to create compounds.

The number of these compounds is large and diverse.

Experiments on the production of complex ...

... n-semiconductor (mult.).

Current flow diagram in hole and electronic semiconductors (mult.).

Electron-hole transition (animation).

Physical processes accompanying the electron-hole transition (animation).

Physical processes accompanying the electron-hole transition (continued, cartoon).

Asymmetric transition (cartoon).

Diodes.

Physical processes in a semiconductor diode (mult.).

The structure of a semiconductor diode.

Connection diagram to the battery diode (mult.).

Pakistan - Afghan refugees continue transition in Pakistan.

Fragment performances G.H.Popova problems of transition to a market economy.

Transition in several prisons in the United States to private ownership.

Transition in several prisons in the United States to private ownership.

Transition ducks across the freeway to the Tokyo Imperial moat in Japan.

Progress MS-19 transport cargo ship, installation on the PHO (transition compartment).