"cutter" newsreels and historical clips

Laboratory for cutting diamonds, equipment.

Master of equipment.

Mechanisms are close-ups.

The rough diamonds.

Laser cut - close-ups.

The master looks at the stone through the magnifying glass.

Crowned diamond in the palm of your hand.

Work master jewelers.

People are close-ups.

The cut stones are different ...

... different plans.

Work masters - different plans.

Jewelry equipment - different plans.

The cut stones are different plans.

Cutting stones - different plans.

Gold bars - different plans.

Gold nuggets - different plans.

Emeralds dressed are different plans.

Different precious stones - faceted and unprocessed ...

1.Without milling cutter and cutter.

Production of semi-axles for the car.

A blank is fed to the mill for rolling gears.

The control panel.

Various details.

A.I. Tselikov with colleagues.

2. In the language of numbers.

Pressure measurement (close-up).

Laboratory of the Institute of Biophysics of the ...

The gas cutter turns on.

Metal cutting with an oxygen-acetylene torch.

The seam surface when cutting a thick metal profile.

Acetylene cutting of thin metal.

With such cutting, melted and deformed edges are obtained.

Cutting a thin sheet with a laser.

The edges of the seam are smooth and do not deform ...

... installation Katun carries out cutting of metal sheet.

Cartoon explaining the principle of laser metal cutting.

The device of the laser installation.

A colorless ray cuts a hole in the sheet.

The programmer puts the cutting program into the device.

The laser beam cuts metal of a complex configuration ...

... configuration.

Alternating frames with materials that can be cut with a laser.

Large-scale laser welding.

A sample of the seam during laser welding.

Laser processing of materials.

... peeling, planing, etc.

Laboratory.

Tools-cutters necessary for wood processing.

Testing of wood for strength.

The cutting process.

Cutting wood on the machine.

Shavings.

Manufacture of chipboard.

Plywood sheets.

Types of incisors.

The main types of wood cutting.

Sawing wood.

Large:saw teeth.

Transverse ...

... Stripping the surface of wood -grinding.

Interaction between the cutter and wood (animation).

Interaction between the front face of the cutter and the chips (animation).

Various types of milling cutters.

Interaction between the back face of the cutter and the wood (animation).

Chip formation when cutting wood across fibers (animation).

Cross milling on a tenon cutting machine.

Chips when cutting along the fibers (animation).

Cutting along the fibers.

Cutting wood into the end (animation).

The dependence of the cutting force on the moisture content of wood, the width of the ...

... the part, the sharpness of the cutter (animation).

Wood cutting.

Sawing.

Cross-cutting of steamed wood on planing machines.

Longitudinal milling.

Face cutting.

The workshop of the combine.

... Marking of crystals.

Sawing crystals.

Stripping of semi-finished products and diamond serving as a cutter.

Faceted round diamond (cartoon scheme).

Round diamond.

Refraction of light in a diamond (animation).

Cutting and polishing of semi-finished diamond products on cast-iron discs.

The direction of crystallographic ...

... crystallographic flat grids in a semi-finished product (animation).

Fixing the semi-finished product before cutting.

Cutting of the site (the largest face of the round semi-finished product).

The cut of the lower part of the future diamond.

The cut of the top.

The cutter is at work.

A cut diamond is a diamond.

Elimination of defects by polishing.

Elimination of whitishness -"gray hair", streaks and other types of marriage.

Cutting shop.

Diamond processing on software-controlled machines. ...

Close-up: an arc Molten metal.

Horn.

Forge.

Welding.

Welding machines in the factory.

Gas welding.

Cylinders.

Atsitilen - reaction.

Burners (MLT scheme).

cutter work.

Torch - zone.

Melting doped, large joints.

Very large welding.

Seam examples fluxes.

Examples of work.

Welding.

With flux chandeliers.

Surfacing.

Cutting.

Large.

Thick metal.

Figured cutting.

flame job.

Semiautomatic.

Cutting a circle, and curly.

... frames with parts and mechanisms that have been processed on lathes.

A worker works on a lathe.

Panorama of the plot with lathes.

Turning and screw-cutting machine.

Turning and revolving machine.

Multi-spindle automatic lathes and semi-automatic machines.

Panorama of the workshop.

An old engraving of the ...

... an elastic arc and a foot pedal.

The man was holding a cutting tool in his hands.

An old engraving on which a crank mechanism is already used instead of a rope.

Later, a counter drive appeared.

In the 18th century, a caliper, a mechanical cutter holder, was invented.

The lathe of the 18th century.

Many ...

...

The ends are cut, the conical outer and inner surfaces are processed, the shaped surfaces are processed, grooves are drilled, parts can be cut.

Drilling and countersinking, countersinking and deployment of holes.

Various threads, both external and internal, can be cut on screw-cutting lathes.

Various ...

... Various cutting tools for lathes.

The gearbox of the lathe.

The feed mechanism of the part in the machine.

The characteristic of each lathe is determined by the largest distance between the centers of the machine, the height of the centers, which determines the largest diameter of the workpiece above the ...

... turning group.

The main movement is the movement of the spindle with the workpiece being processed.

Feed movement - movement of the caliper with the cutter and auxiliary movements.

... shrinkage is influenced by cutting modes.

Large - the process of chip formation.

The cutting speed has the greatest influence on chip shrinkage.

Cartoon explaining the effect of the growth on the cutter on chip shrinkage.

Lubricating and cooling fluid.

Large - the process of cutting the workpiece.

Cartoon ...

... during the cutting process on deformation and friction turns into heat.

Excessive heating of the cutting tool leads to softening of its working surfaces and failure of the cutting edge.

Samples of deformed incisors.

As a result, the cleanliness of the treated surface deteriorates and the cutting forces increase ...

... the chips on the front surface of the cutter.

A cartoon explaining this process.

The third source of heat is the friction of the back surface of the tool on the surface of the workpiece.

A cartoon explaining the heat distribution during cutting.

When the cutting speed increases, most of the heat goes ...

... turning, the cutter has to overcome the forces of resistance of the material to cutting.

All these forces can be brought to a total resultant force located in space and applied to the cutter.

This force is decomposed into three mutually perpendicular components.

The circumferential cutting force is tangent ...

... tangent to the cutting surface.

The radial force is directed towards the cutter perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece.

Axial force, the feed force acts parallel to the workpiece axis in the opposite direction to the feed movement.

Simultaneous presence of all cutting forces is not always possible ...

... possible.

So, for example, when working with a cutting cutter, only two forces act, the circumferential cutting force and the radial force from the transverse feed.

When processing a tubular workpiece, two forces also act on the cutter.

Circumferential cutting force and axial force, feed force.

But this is provided ...

Here only the main cutting edge is involved in the work, free cutting takes place.

In all cases, the greatest acting force is the circumferential cutting force.

It acts on the surface of the cutter and carries out the chip formation process.

According to the circumferential cutting force, the main and ...

... to the circumferential cutting force, the torque to be applied to the machine spindle is calculated, as well as the calculation of the power required for cutting.

When processing long workpieces of small diameter, the radial force causes the workpiece to bend.

The ratio of cutting forces does not remain ...

... remain constant and depends on the cutting conditions.

The physical and mechanical properties of the processed material have a significant influence on the cutting forces.

The change in the cutting force can be observed according to the ammeter readings.

With high strength and hardness of the metal, chip ...

... phenomena, the cutting forces either decrease or increase accordingly.

When turning cast iron, the predominant effect on the cutting forces is a decrease in chip shrinkage, as a result of which, the cutting forces decrease.

When processing titanium alloys, the predominant influence on the cutting forces is ...

... zone, here the cutting forces will increase.

The cutting forces are affected by the cross-sectional area of the chip being cut.

A cartoon explaining this process.

Graph of the dependence of the cutting force on the speed for medium-hardness steel.

Explanations of the schedule.

The cutting speed is one ...

... one of the main parameters that determine the processing performance.

Factors affecting the cutting speed.

Graph of the dependence of the working time of the cutter on the cutting speed when processing hardened steel.

Explanations of the schedule.

Operation of various lathes.

... Levitsky, Borovikovsky, Galaktionov graphics.

3. The cutter V.N.Toskaev among the audience.

Demonstration of clothing models of graduates of the school of cutters.

The cutter Toskaev at work.

Toskaev tries on a special vest for the client.

Thanks to the cutter Toskaev for the work done.

Toskaev is making a ...